Robert Browning (1812-1889)
“Porphyria’s Lover” (1836, 1842)
Reading Questions
- Divide the poem into the following sections, and trace the speaker’s mood and action through each one: the domestic scene (lines 1-15); the “erotic scene” (15-35); the “crime scene” (35-60).
- Is the speaker sane? Explain your answer.
- How are we supposed to read the ending, particularly the last line about God not saying a word?
- What shifts happen in the power relationships? Who has power? What kind? How do you know?
- How do the lines between the home, the sexual, and the deviant cross and mix in this verse? What then does the juxtaposition of three things—home, sex, and murder—say about any of the things individually? Or together?
- How does this poem work with our understanding of the dramatic monologue?
Porphyria’s Lover
"A monologue is a lengthy speech by a single person. In a play, when a character utters a monologue that expresses his or her private thoughts, it is called a soliloquy. Dramatic monologue, however, does not designate a component in a play, but a type of lyric poem that was perfected by Robert Browning. In its fullest form, as represented in Browning’s “My Last Duchess,” “The Bishop Orders His Tomb,” “Andrea del Sarto,” and many other poems, the dramatic monologue has the following features: (1) A single person, who is patently not the poet, utters the speech that makes up the whole of the poem, in a specific situation at a critical moment: the Duke is negotiating with an emissary for a second wife; the Bishop lies dying; Andrea once more attempts wistfully to believe his wife’s lies. (2) This person addresses and interacts with one or more other people; but we know of the auditors’presence, and what they say and do, only from clues in the discourse of the single speaker. (3) The main principle controlling the poet’s choice and formulation of what the lyric speaker says is to reveal to the reader, in a way that enhances its interest, the speaker’s temperament and character."
Abrams, M.H.; Harpham, Geoffrey. A Glossary of Literary Terms (Page 94). Cengage Textbook. 10th edition. Kindle Edition.