Chapter Attribution

This chapter was derived by Annemarie Hamlin, Chris Rubio, and Michele DeSilva, Central Oregon Community College, from the following sources:

• Online Technical Writing by David McMurrey – CC: BY 4.0
• Professional Writing by Saylor Academy – CC: BY 3.0
• Additional Contributions by Jason Ritcher

Email

E-mail is familiar to most students and workers. It may be used like text, or synchronous chat, and it can be delivered to a cell phone. In business, email has largely replaced print hard copy letters for external (outside the company) correspondence, and in many cases, it has taken the place of memos for internal (within the company) communication.^[1] Email can be very useful for messages that have slightly more content than a text message, but it is still best used for fairly brief messages. Many businesses use automated emails to acknowledge communications from the public or to remind associates that periodic reports or payments are due. You may also be assigned to “populate” a form email in which standard paragraphs are used, but you choose from a menu of sentences to make the wording suitable for a particular transaction.

Emails may be informal in personal contexts, but business communication requires attention to detail, awareness that your email reflects you and your company, and a professional tone so that it may be forwarded to any third party if needed. Email often serves to exchange information within organizations. Although email may have an informal feel, remember that when used for business, it needs to convey professionalism and respect. Never write or send anything that you wouldn’t want to be read in public or in front of your company president.

Tips For Effective Business EMails

As with all writing, professional communications require attention to the specific writing context, and it may surprise you that even elements of form can indicate a writer’s strong understanding of audience and purpose. The principles explained here apply to the educational context as well; use them when communicating with your instructors and classroom peers.

• Open with a proper salutation. Proper salutations demonstrate respect and avoid mix-ups in case a message is accidentally sent to the wrong recipient. For example, use a salutation like “Dear Ms. X” (external) or “Hi Barry” (internal). Never use the title Mrs. as you cannot assume a woman is married. If the gender of a person is not evident, use their entire name, like this: “Dear Sam Jones”
• Include a clear, brief, and specific subject line. This helps the recipient understand the essence of the message. For example, “Proposal attached” or “Your question of 10/25.”
• Close with a signature. Identify yourself by creating a signature block that automatically contains your name and business contact information.
• Avoid abbreviations. An email is not a text message, and the audience may not find your wit cause to ROTFLOL (rolling on the floor laughing out loud).
• Be brief. Omit unnecessary words.
• Use a good format. Divide your message into brief paragraphs for ease of reading. A good email should get to the point and conclude in three small paragraphs or less.
• Reread, revise, and review. Catch and correct spelling and grammar mistakes before you press “send.” It will take more time and effort to undo the problems caused by a hasty, poorly written email than to get it right the first time.
• Reply promptly. Watch out for an emotional response—never reply in anger—but make a habit of replying to all emails within twenty-four hours, even if only to say that you will provide the requested information in forty-eight or seventy-two hours.
• Use “Reply All” sparingly. Do not send your reply to everyone who received the initial email unless your message absolutely needs to be read by the entire group.
• Avoid using all caps. Capital letters are used on the internet to communicate emphatic emotion or yelling and are considered rude.
• Test links. If you include a link, test it to make sure it is working. create meaningful link text that helps users know their final destination. Link text such as “Click here” and “More” fail to meet this goal.
• Images. If you provide an image within your text or as an attachment, include textual information (alt-text) that describes the meaning generating details of the image.
• Email ahead of time if you are going to attach large files (audio and visual files are often quite large) to prevent exceeding the recipient’s mailbox limit or triggering the spam filter.
• Give feedback or follow up. If you don’t get a response in twenty-four hours, email or call. Spam filters may have intercepted your message, so your recipient may never have received it.

Figure 1 shows a sample email that demonstrates the principles listed above.

Figure 1. Sample email

From:		Steve Jobs <sjobs@apple.com>
To:		Human Resources Division <hr@apple.com>
Date:		September 12, 2015
Subject:	Safe Zone Training

Practice Scenario

You are Sam King. Your boss, Jordin Able, has tasked you with submitting a report about the sales figures for 10/25-11/25. Below is the email you will be sending, however, it is missing some of the information. Put in the correct information, answers may have multiple solutions.

Possible Answers

Subject:

• Sales Figures for 10/25-11/25
• Sales Report

Salutation:

• Jordin Able
• Dear, Jordin Able
• Hi, Jordin

Signature:

• Sam King
• King